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Did Art Modell Leave the Browns Name by Choice

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Complicated NFL franchise motility

The Cleveland Browns relocation controversy - colloquially called "The Motion" by fans[1] [2] - was acquired by the announcement from then-Browns owner Art Modell that he intended to motility the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League from its long-fourth dimension home of Cleveland to Baltimore during the 1995 NFL season.

Subsequent legal deportment past the city of Cleveland and Browns season ticket holders led the NFL to broker a compromise that saw the Browns franchise, history, records, and intellectual holding remain in Cleveland. In render, Modell was permitted to establish a new franchise in Baltimore, which was eventually named the Ravens.

Since it was deemed infeasible for the Browns to play the 1996 flavor in Cleveland under such circumstances, the franchise was officially deactivated by the NFL in February 1996 and Modell was allowed to transfer its football organization to the Ravens: thus, the Ravens are officially regarded by the NFL every bit an expansion team that began play in 1996.

As part of the settlement, the NFL agreed to reactivate the Browns franchise no later than the 1999 season provided the City of Cleveland constructed an NFL-caliber venue to supercede the crumbling Cleveland Stadium. The city of Cleveland subsequently demolished Cleveland Stadium beginning in late 1996, and built a new stadium on the aforementioned site. By 1998, the NFL had ruled out moving any of the league'south then-30 teams to Cleveland (and by extension committed to stocking the roster of a 31st squad with an expansion draft) and sold the Browns franchise to Al Lerner, a former minority possessor of the franchise under Modell, for $530 million.[three] The re-activated Browns acquired players through this expansion typhoon and resumed play in 1999.

This compromise, which was unprecedented in North American professional sports at the time, has since been cited in franchise moves and agreements in other leagues, including ones in Major League Baseball game, Major League Soccer, the National Basketball game Clan, and the National Hockey League.

Dissatisfaction with Cleveland Stadium [edit]

In 1975, knowing that Municipal Stadium was costing the city over $300,000 annually to operate, and so-Browns owner Art Modell signed a 25-yr lease in which he agreed to incur these expenses in substitution for: quasi-ownership of the stadium, a portion of his almanac profits, and capital improvements to the stadium at his expense.[4] Modell's new visitor, Stadium Corporation, paid the city annual rents of $150,000 for the first v years and $200,000 later on.

Modell had originally promised never to motility the Browns. He had publicly criticized the Baltimore Colts' move to Indianapolis, and had testified in favor of the NFL in court cases where the league unsuccessfully tried to finish Al Davis from moving the Oakland Raiders to Los Angeles.

Withal, Modell refused to share the suite revenue with the Cleveland Indians, who too played at Cleveland Stadium, even though much of the revenues were generated during baseball games.

In 1990, the Indians convinced local authorities and voters to build a new ballpark and give the suite acquirement to the baseball corporation.[5] [four] Modell, mistakenly assertive that his revenues were not endangered, decided not to participate in the Gateway Project that built Jacobs Field for the Indians and Gund Arena for the Cleveland Cavaliers.[half-dozen] Modell's assumptions proved incorrect, and Stadium Corporation'south suite revenues declined sharply when the Indians moved to Jacobs Field in 1994.[4] Soaring player salaries and deficits put boosted fiscal pressure level on the Browns' owner. Modell claimed to accept lost $21 million between 1993 and 1994.[7]

Announcing the move [edit]

Due to the massive and relatively consistent increase in the value of NFL franchises since the league's founding in 1920, the league has a long history of owners whose cyberspace worth is largely deemed for by the value of their football game teams. Even today, many teams are owned by businesspeople (or their heirs) who, while relatively well-off by the standards of the time, founded or purchased a football team which has since appreciated in value at a far higher rate than whatever other business interests they might have originally been involved in.

However, fifty-fifty with those considerations in mind, Modell had always been one of the poorest owners in the NFL, despite his longstanding influence in league circles. He'd borrowed the bulk of the money he'd used to purchase the Browns in 1961, and had spent most of the next 34 years in financial difficulty, especially as the costs of operating an NFL team escalated in tandem with the value of the league's franchises. This led Modell to take unorthodox measures to remain solvent, some of which were of questionable legality. For case, he tried to dump several bad loans onto the Browns, prompting one of his minority partners to take him to courtroom. As early as 1983, Modell had come up to believe that he would never be able to pay all of his debts before his deal with the urban center expired.[eight] The loss of acquirement from the Indians thus hit Modell peculiarly difficult. After Modell realized how much revenue he lost from the Indians moving out of Cleveland Stadium, he requested an event be placed on the election to provide $175 million in tax to refurbish the outmoded and declining Cleveland Stadium.[ix]

On December 12, 1994, Modell told his board that he didn't believe a plebiscite to heighten the sin tax would pass, as the gain would have been used to either fund a renovated Municipal Stadium or a new stadium. Modell then informed them that if the referendum failed, he would be finished in Cleveland, and would have no choice merely to movement the Browns.[8]

Entering the 1995 season, the Browns, coached by Beak Belichick, were coming off a playoff season in which the team finished 11–5 and advanced to the second round of the playoffs. Sports Illustrated predicted that the Browns would represent the AFC in Super Bowl Thirty at the end of the season, and the team started 3–1, but they then lost their next three games.[x] [11]

While this was happening, Browns minority possessor Al Lerner was privately prodding Modell to consider moving to Baltimore. He urged Modell to contact newly installed Maryland Stadium Say-so chairman John Moag. Before in the year, the league had told Moag that Baltimore would get a team (either an expansion team or a relocated existing team) if a stadium were already in identify.

Elected officials in Baltimore and Maryland were however smarting from the Colts moving to Indianapolis afterward the 1983 season, and refused to commit any money towards a new stadium unless the Stadium Authority secured a deal with a team. With this in listen, Moag made several calls to Modell that went ignored for much of 1995. Finally, in late July, Modell allowed Lerner to meet with Moag, provided that Lerner stress that Modell was not serious about moving. At that meeting, Moag laid out an offer in which the Browns would get the rights to a new, $220 million stadium if they moved to Baltimore. However, Moag told Lerner to take the offer back to Modell only if he was serious virtually considering a move.[eight]

Negotiations continued in hugger-mugger until September, when Moag told Lerner that if the Browns were serious virtually moving, "you need to deed and human activity now." A few days afterwards, Lerner, Modell and Moag met at Lerner's Midtown Manhattan office. At that meeting, Moag presented a memorandum of understanding that was almost identical to what he'd offered the Cincinnati Bengals a few months earlier: a deal that ultimately led Cincinnati voters to pass a referendum that congenital what would become Paul Brown Stadium. Indeed, some paragraphs notwithstanding referred to "Cincinnati" rather than "Cleveland." Modell still had some trepidation well-nigh the deal, but signed after Moag bodacious him that Baltimore fans would hail him as a hero.[8]

Presently later on, Modell told San Francisco 49ers president Carmen Policy that he was moving the Browns to Baltimore. Policy had been well enlightened that relations between Modell and Cleveland had become rather strained, and was secretly working with Pittsburgh Steelers owner Dan Rooney to keep the Browns in Cleveland. Policy urged Modell to sit downwards with NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue in hopes of resolving the situation, simply Modell rejected it out of paw.[8]

On Nov 6, 1995, with the team at four–five,[11] Modell announced in a press conference at Camden Yards that he had signed a deal to motion the Browns to Baltimore for the 1996 season.[4] [12] Modell said he felt the urban center of Cleveland did non accept the funding nor political will to build a fantabulous stadium.[13] The very next solar day, on November 7, Cleveland voters overwhelmingly canonical the aforementioned tax upshot to remodel Cleveland Stadium.[fourteen]

Despite this, Modell ruled out a reversal of his conclusion, maintaining publicly that his human relationship with Cleveland had been irrevocably severed. "The bridge is down, burned, disappeared", he said. "There's non even a canoe there for me."[xv] In truth, Modell had been brought to tears when he signed the memorandum of understanding in September: he had even told Moag that signing information technology was "the hardest affair I've ever done" and meant "the end of our life in Cleveland." Years afterward, longtime Browns full general counsel Jim Bailey told The Athletic that Modell was "an emotional wreck" when he signed the memorandum.[8]

Initial reaction [edit]

The Urban center of Cleveland sued Modell, the Browns, Stadium Corp, the Maryland Stadium Authorization, and the authority's director, John A. Moag Jr., in City of Cleveland v. Cleveland Browns, et al., Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Example No. CV-95-297833, for breaching the Browns' lease, which required the squad to play its home games at Cleveland Stadium for several years across 1995, filing an injunction to go on the Browns in the city until at least 1998. Several other lawsuits were filed by fans and ticket holders.[14] [xvi] The United States Congress even held hearings on the matter.[17] [18]

Role player/comedian Drew Carey returned to his hometown of Cleveland on November 26, 1995, to host "Fan Jam" in protest of the proposed move. A protest was held in Pittsburgh during the Browns' game at that place against the Pittsburgh Steelers, but ABC, the network broadcasting the game (and also the dwelling house of Carey's new sitcom that had just premiered), declined to cover or mention the protest. That game was i of the few instances that Steelers fans and Browns fans were supportive of each other, as fans in Pittsburgh felt that Modell was robbing their team of their long-continuing rivalry with the Browns.[xiv] Browns fans reacted with anger to the news,[16] wearing hats and T-shirts that read "Muck Fodell".[19]

On the field, the Browns stumbled to end 5–11 later on the declaration, ahead of only the expansion Jacksonville Jaguars, to whom they lost twice, in the AFC Cardinal, condign the beginning squad in the NFL's mod era to lose twice to a first-year expansion team.[11] Virtually all of the squad'due south sponsors pulled their support,[14] leaving Cleveland Stadium devoid of advertising during the team's terminal weeks. After the announcement, the team lost all their domicile games except the final, in which they defeated the Cincinnati Bengals 26–10.[20] The game itself was blacked out on television locally on WKYC, only NBC did broadcast extensive pregame coverage from Cleveland.

Settlement [edit]

Later on extensive talks betwixt the NFL, the Browns, and officials of the two cities, Cleveland accustomed a legal settlement that would proceed the Browns legacy in Cleveland.

While a number of parties had already expressed involvement in acquiring the Browns by this point, it shortly became articulate that no feasible possessor would exist set to operate a football team on such short observe; even without that to consider, the NFL had insisted on the replacement of Cleveland Stadium, whereas the city had no other venue that met NFL requirements for even temporary use.

Thus, on February 9, 1996, the NFL announced that the Browns franchise would be 'deactivated' for three years, and that a new stadium would exist congenital for a new Browns team, every bit either an expansion team or a squad relocated from another metropolis, that would brainstorm play in 1999, while Modell would in plough and then be granted a new franchise - the 31st NFL franchise - for Baltimore.

Because he was permitted to retain the electric current contracts of players and other football personnel, and had changed the proper name of his corporate entity from Cleveland Browns, Inc. to Baltimore Ravens, Inc.,[21] Modell is typically reckoned to have moved the football game organization, but not the franchise itself. The settlement stipulated that the reactivated team for Cleveland would retain the Browns' name, colors, history, records, awards, and archives. The move was approved past league owners after a 25–2 vote, with iii abstentions; the two "no" votes were from Ralph Wilson of Buffalo and Dan Rooney of Pittsburgh.[20] [22] [23]

An additional stipulation was that in any future realignment plan, the Browns would be placed in a division with the Pittsburgh Steelers and Cincinnati Bengals due to long-standing rivalries with those two teams.[24] Upon their reactivation in 1999, the Browns were placed back in the AFC Central with the Steelers and Bengals, as well as the Ravens, Titans, and Jaguars: this arrangement put teams from Baltimore, Cleveland and Pittsburgh in the same division for the first time in NFL history.

When the NFL realigned into divisions of iv teams for the 2002 season, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Baltimore remained together in the new AFC North, while Tennessee, Jacksonville, Indianapolis (from the AFC Eastward), and the expansion team, Houston Texans were placed in the new AFC South.

The only other active NFL team to temporarily suspend operations without merging with whatever other was Cleveland'south previous NFL team, the Rams, during the 1943 season at the height of Earth State of war Ii.[25]

Aftermath and legacy [edit]

The return of the NFL to Baltimore compelled the divergence of the professional football game team already in Baltimore at the fourth dimension, the Greyness Cup champion Baltimore Stallions of the Canadian Football game League (CFL). Although they had drawn respectable fan back up during their two seasons in Baltimore, Stallions owner Jim Speros knew his squad could not compete with an NFL squad and opted to constitute a new franchise in Montreal.[26] They subsequently assumed the name and history of the team that previously played in the city, the Alouettes, who had ceased operations just days before the outset of the 1987 season.

Focus groups, a telephone survey, and a fan contest were all held to assist select a new name for Modell's team. Starting with a listing of over 100 possible names, the squad's management reduced information technology to 17. From in that location, focus groups of a total of 200 Baltimore area residents reduced the listing of names to half dozen, and then a telephone survey of yard people trimmed information technology down to three, Marauders, Americans, and Ravens. Finally, a fan competition cartoon 33,288 voters picked "Ravens", a name that alludes to the famous poem, "The Raven", by Edgar Allan Poe, who spent the latter part of his life in Baltimore, and is buried there.[27] The squad as well adopted royal and blackness as their team colors, a stark contrast to the brown and orange colors of the Browns.[28] The former Colts Marching Band, which remained in Baltimore after the Colts moved to Indianapolis, was afterwards renamed the Baltimore'southward Marching Ravens.[29] Along with the San Francisco 49ers, Buffalo Bills, Washington Commanders and the Minnesota Vikings, the Ravens are ane of simply 5 NFL teams with an official marching ring.

Modell'due south move to Baltimore came among an unprecedented flurry of similar threats — and actual moves —[30] [31] that fueled 12 new stadiums throughout the NFL. The Seahawks, Buccaneers, Bengals, Lions, Cardinals, and Bears used the threat of moving to coerce their respective cities to build new stadiums with public funds.[xxx] [31] Modell's team was i of iv that really moved between 1995 and 1997: Los Angeles lost both of its teams for the 1995 season, as the Raiders moved back to Oakland and the Rams moved east to St. Louis (the Rams would later motion back to Los Angeles in 2016); and the Houston Oilers moved to Tennessee in 1997, where they became the Tennessee Titans 2 years afterward.

As with all other relocations, NFL football game continued to air on local television in Cleveland due to the league'southward tv contracts. During the three years the Browns suspended operations, the NFL ordered its broadcast partners to air games featuring the Browns' two biggest rivals, the Bengals and Steelers, on Cleveland'due south local stations. Two official secondary markets the Browns share with some other team--Columbus and Youngstown--both primarily aired games from the teams the Browns shared those markets with, with Columbus airing Bengals games and Youngstown airing Steelers games. Erie, Pennsylvania, which is officially a secondary market for the Buffalo Bills but airs many Browns games due to Erie's close proximity to Cleveland, aired more Bills home games as well every bit Steelers games whenever it didn't come in conflict with the Bills away schedule.

Subsequently several NFL teams threatened to move to Cleveland to go the reactivated Browns (nigh notably the Tampa Bay Buccaneers[32]), the NFL decided in 1998 to make the reactivated Browns an expansion team; while temporarily giving the league an odd number of teams (causing at to the lowest degree one team to exist off in each of the 17 weeks of the NFL season from 1999–2001), this likewise eliminated whatsoever possibility of an existing franchise giving upwards its own identity for the Browns and thus prevented more lawsuits. In an ironic twist, Al Lerner—who helped Modell movement to Baltimore—was granted buying of the reactivated Browns;[33] his son Randy took over ownership afterwards Al's death in 2002 earlier selling the team to Airplane pilot Flying J CEO Jimmy Haslam in 2012.

From its beginning, the odd number of teams and the ensuing bad-mannered scheduling was considered a temporary organization pending the add-on of a 32nd NFL franchise. Although Los Angeles was heavily favored, information technology was ultimately Houston that was awarded the league's 32nd squad for the 2002 NFL season. The 2002 expansion led to a major re-alignment of the NFL into eight 4-team divisions. The Jaguars and Titans joined the Texans in the new AFC S along with the Colts, Baltimore'south former team, who moved from the AFC East. The Browns and Ravens' sectionalisation was rebranded as the AFC Due north. Finally, to keep the conferences equal in size, the Seattle Seahawks (who had played their inaugural flavor in the National Football Conference) moved from the AFC West to the NFC West.

Post-obit Houston'southward return to the NFL, Los Angeles became the favored destination for owners threatening to motion their teams until the St. Louis Rams finally returned to Los Angeles for the 2016 season,[34] followed by the San Diego Chargers (who had previously called L.A. home in the early on days of the American Football League) one year later.[35]

The reactivated Browns accept had but three winning seasons since returning to the NFL in 1999, with records of ix–7 in 2002, 10–6 in 2007, and xi–five in 2020, earning wild carte berths in the playoffs in 2002 and 2020. Meanwhile, the Ravens have been more successful, reaching the playoffs 13 times since 2000 and winning Super Bowl XXXV and Super Bowl XLVII, to the dismay of Browns fans.[20] [36] Longtime placekicker Matt Stover was the last remaining Ravens player that played for the Modell-owned Browns—he departed the Ravens following the 2008 flavor when the team chose non to re-sign him, finishing his career with the Indianapolis Colts.[37] General manager and former Browns tight cease Ozzie Newsome (who was in a front-part role under Modell in Cleveland) remained with the Ravens until his retirement in 2018.

The move would as well have an result in Pittsburgh. Steelers owner Dan Rooney was 1 of 2 owners (aslope Ralph Wilson of the Bills) to oppose Modell'southward motion to Baltimore because of a mutual respect for the team and the fans. Because of the motility, the Browns–Steelers rivalry, arguably one of the most heated rivalries in the NFL, has somewhat cooled in Pittsburgh due to the new Browns' lack of success. The Steelers–Ravens rivalry is considered the spiritual successor by fans in Pittsburgh and is 1 of the most heated current rivalries in the NFL.[38] Since returning to the NFL, the Browns and Steelers rivalry has been largely one-sided in favor of Pittsburgh; although the rivalry is not as intense in Pittsburgh, Browns fans nonetheless consider it their top rivalry despite the Browns' recent struggles against the Steelers. However, the rivalry began to heat up on the Pittsburgh side when the Browns defeated the Steelers 48-37 in the 2020 Wild Card playoff round.[39]

Modell continued to struggle financially fifty-fifty after the movement. Like several other owners who had acquired their teams prior to the AFL-NFL merger Modell's net worth by the end of his tenure was primarily derived from the appreciation of his team's value, and he had relatively niggling outside wealth to aid underwrite his club'due south expenses. Because of such continual fiscal hardships, the NFL directed Modell to initiate the sale of his franchise. On March 27, 2000, NFL owners approved the sale of 49 per centum of the Ravens to Steve Bisciotti.[40] In the deal, Bisciotti had an option to buy the remaining 51 percent for $325 million in 2004 from Fine art Modell. On April 8, 2004, the NFL approved Steve Bisciotti's purchase of the bulk pale in the society.[41]

Although Modell later retired and had relinquished control of the Ravens, he is still despised in Cleveland, not but for moving the Browns, but besides for his firing of caput jitney Paul Brown (who somewhen founded the time to come arch-rival Bengals in 1968) in 1963. Some consider the Browns' move and subsequent lawsuits equally having cost Modell a spot in the Pro Football Hall of Fame, which is in Canton, Ohio, 60 miles s of Cleveland and function of the Cleveland television marketplace and Browns' territorial rights.[42] [43] Modell died in 2012, having never returned to Cleveland.[7] The Browns were the only home squad that did not admit, much less commemorate, Modell'southward decease the following Sunday. The team opted not to do so at the request of David Modell, who feared that the announcement would be met with anger by Browns fans notwithstanding upset about the motion.[44]

Effect on teams in other sports leagues [edit]

Major League Baseball [edit]

  • The Minnesota Twins, when they signed their deal with Hennepin County, Minnesota for Target Field in 2006, agreed to a provision that was signed into law, allowing the state of Minnesota the right of first refusal to buy the team if information technology is ever sold. Also, it requires that the name, colors, World Series trophies, and history of the team remain in Minnesota if the Twins are ever moved out of the state. The deal is similar to what Modell agreed to with the urban center of Cleveland during the move.

Major League Soccer [edit]

  • In December 2005, the San Jose Earthquakes moved to Houston to become the Houston Dynamo. At the time, information technology was announced by the league that while players and staff would motility with the squad, the squad name, colors, logo, and records (including ii championship trophies) would stay in San Jose for when a new expansion squad arrived.[45] [46] In 2008, the Earthquakes returned under the ownership of Lew Wolff.
  • The Browns move in 1995 had a direct consequence on a proposed move of the Columbus Coiffure SC to Austin, Texas; the Modell Law, which was implemented in 1996, prohibits sports teams that benefited from public facilities or financial assistance from moving to some other city without a six-month notice and an try to sell the squad to a local ownership group. A lawsuit was filed by Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine and the city of Columbus. Rather ironically, Cleveland Browns owner Jimmy and Dee Haslam, forth with other investors, offered to buy the Columbus Crew in gild to keep them in Columbus.[47] The deal sold the operational rights of the Crew to the Haslams, while previous Crew owner Anthony Precourt kept his equity pale in MLS, and was granted ownership of a new franchise in Austin.[48] The auction of the Coiffure to Haslam's ownership group was announced as agreed to on Dec 28, 2018, and was completed in January 2019. As role of the deal, the lawsuit against Precourt was dismissed that day; the Modell Law remains untested every bit a outcome.[49]

National Hockey League [edit]

  • Later the Quebec Nordiques moved to Denver in 1995 to become the Colorado Avalanche, the franchise's retired numbers, name, logos, and historical stats remained in Quebec Urban center and are expected to be used by any hereafter Quebec City NHL franchise that may be established or move there. Upon inflow at Denver, the Nordiques' retired numbers were placed back into circulation.
  • In 2011, a team took the name of a city's previous team (equally the Baltimore Stallions did when the Ravens forced their movement to Montreal). That saga began in 1996, when the Winnipeg Jets left Manitoba for Phoenix, Arizona, and become the Phoenix (later Arizona) Coyotes. Thirteen years afterward, the Coyotes went bankrupt and were taken over by the league. Winnipeg-based True N Sports & Amusement offered to buy the team and return information technology to Winnipeg, where it presumably would have re-causeless the Jets' name and history. The NHL turned down that proposal — they were even so looking for an possessor to operate the franchise in Phoenix, whose municipal government had agreed to subsidize the team'south financial losses — but said that moving the team back to Winnipeg was their preferred fill-in choice. Simply when the Atlanta Thrashers came upward for sale a year later, the league decided that in that location was no chance of finding an owner to operate a franchise in Georgia, so they arranged for Truthful N to buy the Atlanta franchise and motility it to Winnipeg for the 2011–12 NHL season. The league decided to let True Due north and the new Jets use the identity of the one-time Winnipeg team, simply non its history, which remained in Arizona with the Coyotes. The new Jets system highlighted this alter by rapidly re-issuing the team'south #9 bailiwick of jersey — retired by the sometime Jets in honour of superstar Bobby Hull — to frontward Evander Kane, who had worn the number in Atlanta. While the new Jets were unable to repossess the franchise records of the original franchise from 1972 to 1996, they did reclaim its logos and trademarks; since 2016, the current franchise honored the original incarnation by wearing throwback jerseys and pay tribute to its iconic players by establishing the Winnipeg Jets Hall of Fame.

National Basketball game Clan [edit]

  • The Seattle SuperSonics' motion to Oklahoma City in 2008 included an agreement that the SuperSonics' proper name, logo, colors, and history would all be left in Seattle. This also includes banners and trophies, which would be displayed in a museum until such fourth dimension as a new franchise (expansion or relocation) is brought to Seattle to be hung from the rafters of its arena.[50] The original franchise, now known as the Oklahoma City Thunder, will proceed to keep the SuperSonics records, championships, and retired numbers, until a new SuperSonics franchise is brought to Seattle: in event, both the Thunder and a potential new SuperSonics franchise would share the original SuperSonics history.
  • Similar to the Winnipeg Jets scenario in the NHL, the NBA first entered Charlotte in 1988 in the form of the Charlotte Hornets. That team moved to New Orleans after the 2001–02 season, retaining the Hornets name. The league returned to Charlotte for the 2004–05 flavor with a new team, the Charlotte Bobcats, and after the New Orleans franchise inverse its name to the Pelicans post-obit the 2012–13 season, the Bobcats announced that they would reclaim the Hornets proper name effective with the 2014–15 season. When the proper name change from Bobcats to Hornets became official in May 2014, it announced that the Hornets, Pelicans, and the NBA had reached an agreement that all history and records of the original Charlotte Hornets would be transferred to the revived Hornets: thus, the Hornets are now considered to have been established in 1988, suspended operations in 2002, and resumed play in 2004 (as the Bobcats, and changing their name back to the Hornets in 2014), while the Pelicans are now considered a 2002 expansion squad.
  • In the eye of the 2016-17 NBA season, the Detroit Pistons organized a deal to move the team out of The Palace of Auburn Hills and into the new Little Caesars Loonshit in Downtown Detroit, which was to open up the following season: the bargain was successful, and the Pistons moved into the arena the following season. When they moved back downtown, Palace Sports and Entertainment (the arrangement that owns the Pistons) fabricated an agreement similar to the Supersonic's deal: if the squad were ever to move out of Detroit, the team'due south name, colors, history, and records, including the team'southward NBA championship trophies, would remain in Detroit. This also includes all records and history of the Pistons' former WNBA affiliate, the Detroit Shock (now the Dallas Wings), whose three WNBA trophies and all other records were already in possession of the Pistons at the time of the motility to Detroit.

See as well [edit]

  • Relocation of professional sports teams
  • Cleveland sports curse
  • Browns–Ravens rivalry
  • History of the Cleveland Browns
  • History of the Baltimore Ravens

References [edit]

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Further reading [edit]

  • Henkel, Frank G. (2005). Cleveland Browns History. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN978-0-7385-3428-2.

External links [edit]

  • Inside the Browns deal. A Los Angeles Times article on the Cleveland Browns' move.
  • Cleveland Browns relocation on YouTube on The NFL on NBC pregame show.

millercorgentor.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Browns_relocation_controversy

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